Achieving Energy-Saving, Continuous Redox Flow Desalination with Iron Chelate Redoxmers

Desalination of saline water is becoming an increasingly critical strategy to overcome the global challenge drinkable shortage, but current desalination methods are often plagued with major drawbacks high energy consumption, capital cost, or low capacity. To address these drawbacks, we have developed a unique continuous-mode redox flow approach capitalizing on characteristics batteries. The operation based shuttled cycles very dilute Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ chelate redoxmers ultralow cell overpotentials. air instability naturally compensated for by its in situ electrochemical generation, making system capable operations electrolytes at any specified state charge. Under unoptimized conditions, fast rates up 404.4 mmol·m ?2 ·h ?1 and specific consumptions as 7.9 Wh·mol NaCl been successfully achieved. Interestingly, this method has offered opportunity sustainable, distributed supplies through direct integration renewable sources such solar power. Therefore, our design demonstrated competitive performance, promising provide energy-saving, high-capacity, robust, cost-effective solution.